West Civ blogs

This class worked very well. Taking notes really helped me retain the information. Going over the information for the review worked perfectly for me before the test. I think I did very well on this test and every question was fair. On the test there was a lot of information on Martin Luther. You had to know that he was almost struck by lightning, his dad wanted him to be a lawyer, you had to know about the map and you also had to know that what perspective.

Holy Roman Emperor Charles V is a devout Christian who wants Luther to recant. Luther refuses, so Charles orders Luther put “on trial” at the Diet of Worms. (“Diet” means assembly or convention; “Worms” is a city in Germany). There, Luther says: “...my conscience is captive to the Word of God. I cannot and will not retract anything, since it is neither safe nor right to go against conscience.” Because of his lack of repentance, Luther is declared “an outlaw and a heretic” and he “escapes” from Worms. He is to be arrested on sight. It is a crime for anyone in the empire to give Luther food or shelter. His writings are banned, his books are to be burned. Anyone is permitted to kill Luther without legal consequence. Prince Frederick the Wise of Saxony disobeys this order, puts Luther up for a year in his castle, where Luther translates the New Testament into German ( This slide is very important.)

Today in west civ we went over another powerpoint on the renaissance/Luther and the Reformation. SOCIALLY: the Renaissance emphasis on the secular (worldly) and the individual challenged Church authority The printing press helped spread these ideas/POLITICALLY: Some rulers (especially the Germans) began to challenge the Church’s political power/ECONOMICALLY: northern merchants resented paying church taxes to Rome.“...religious reform, please...”Corrupt leadership. Renaissance-era popes spent extravagantly on personal pleasure. Pope Alexander VI admitted that he fathered several children. Many priests and monks were poorly educated. Some priests  broke their vows, got married, and had children. Some priests drank to excess, many gambled.The selling of indulgences (pardons) “releases a sinner from performing the penalty a priest imposed for sins”. Johann Tetzel was a monk who sold indulgences to help rebuild St. Peter’s Cathedral. A monk named Martin Luther objected to this p...

Today we asked to go outside but Mr. Schick said that we can all go outside... at 1:30. We need to do the questions 1,3,4 and 5 on page 494 and read pages 488-494. Indulgence- Pardon for sins believed to buy way into heaven Reformation-Formation of several Protestant church reformations Lutheran-What Luther and his followers religion was called Protestant-Christians who belong to non-Catholic churches Peace of Augsburg-A famous religious settlement who decided the religion of the state Annul-To set aside (marriage) Anglican-Church of England with Elizabeth as head 3.) Queen Elizabeth I helped restore Protestantism -Powerful monarchs challenged the church as the supreme power in Europe -Many leaders viewed the pope as a foreign ruler and challenged his authority -European princes and kings were jealous of the Church's wealth. -Merchants and other people didn't want to pay taxes to the church -Some church leaders had become worldly and c...

Today in west civ we kept going on the powerpoint. I took these notes:The Chinese had invented the printing press centuries before, but Johannes Gutenberg revolutionized it in Germany in 1439. One of the most important and impactful inventions in history! The Chinese had invented the printing press centuries before, but Johannes Gutenberg revolutionized it in Germany in 1439.One of the most important and impactful inventions in history! We also went through the powerpoint and saw what test questions we would have and I highlighted them.

Today in west civ we continued the power point on the rennasiance and we took some notes on some extraordinary paintings as well. These notes were: Nativity-Antonio da Correggio A deep interest in what people have already achieved, as well as what they are capable of achieving in the future It’s not a coincidence that humanism resembles the Greek idea of arete Classical (ancient Greek, ancient Roman) writings were important to them Worldly (secular) values were essential - concerned with the here and now Christian values still important, but separate from secular values ultimate Renaissance Man: Leonardo da Vinci Painter Scientist Inventor Sculptors made realistic figures, such as the Pieta Carved from marble by Michelangelo from 1498-1499 Found in St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City Painters used perspective - using shadow and depth to create the illusion of three dimensions   Writers wrote in the vernacular - their native language Previously, most scholarly “...

Today in western Civ we went over the exam days and that we will know the questions ahead of time. We get to pick one from four. Renaissance- rebirth Milan and Florence had wealthy merchants and bankers. Artists in these cities were inspired by the former splendor of classical Greece and Rome. Merchants dominated political life The Medici were a powerful banking family.They paid artists, writers, and musicians to create beautiful works of art.They were patrons. Isabella d’Este- a patron of da Vinci, Raphael, Michelangelo, Bellini, Correggio, and many, many others. Her parents were rich and so was she. Mr. Schick said she’s like the Beyonce of their time.

Today in west civ we checked our tests. Renaissance- Rebirth or reborn a period of time that changed history Humanism- An intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements. Secular- Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters Patron- Supports artists especially financially Perspective- Artistic technique creates 3-D appearances Vernacular- Everyday language of people in a region or country 3.)Renaissance men who excelled in many fields were praised as a universal man. A young man should be charming, witty, well educated, know how to dance, sing, play music, and write poetry. He should also be a skilled rider, wrestler, and swordsman. Renaissance women were expected to know the classics and be charming. They were expected to inspire art but not create it. They were better educated than medieval women but had little influence in politics. 4.)It had thriving cities, a wealthy merchant class, and the classical heritage of ancie...

Today we took our test one ancient Rome. I second guessed myself so I know I got one answer wrong but I feel pretty confident on the rest of the test. There were questions about the whole powerpoint. About 50 questions are on the test and lets just say I'm glad I studied. Some stuff that was on the test was He appointed himself dictator for life, Granted citizenship to people in provinces, increased pay, gave jobs to the poor, gave some land to the citizens/plebes.  Increasing jobs for the citizens, he increased pay for the soldiers. After JC, Octavian( Caesar Augustus) who was 18 and JC's adopted son inherited everything. He created an alliance of rich people as well who were known as "The second Triumvirate"which consisted of Octavian, Mark Antony and Lepidus. Octavian forces Lepidus to retire, Octavian and MA become rivals. MA partners up with Cleopatra of Egypt and Octavian still won .(Battle of Actium)

The Latins came first. The etruscans and greeks followed. Tarquin the proud was the seventh and final king of Rome. Sextus got the title of the king after Tarquin died and he raped Lucretia. After that she killed herself. That lead the people to no longer want a king. Councils are made up of two people that serve for one year. They can veto each other. They were responsible for dealing justice, making laws and commanding the army. Patricians were people that were rich (aristocrats). Pater- Father. regular folks- 98% rich- 2%.  Plebes had to fight in the army, threatened with debt slavery, had no legal rights. The plebes refused to fight until the laws were written out. The rich made the 12 tables of laws. They were also posted in public. They also got an assembly called the tribunes. SPQR- Senatus Populusque Romanus. That designates any decree or decision made by "The Roman senate and people. Res publica- The people's affairs/ dem...

I was absent today because I had a start of a migraine.

The Latins came first and then the Truskins and Greeks followed. The jobs they had were metal workers, artists and architects. The greeks had a great navy, trading posts and sailing.  The romans took some of these ideas. Some of these ideas consisted of religious beliefs, alphabet, art and the military. Latins sailed the banks of tiber and Rome was built on seven hills.  SPQR is a latin term for the romans and stands for Senatus Populusqe Romanum. This means "designates any decrce or decision made by the "Roman senate and people"

Greco-Roman Culture- mixing of elements of Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman culture produced a new culture. Pompeii- Roman town. Virgil-poet, who spent 10 years writing the most famous work of Latin literature. Tacitus- Roman historian, notable among ancient historians because he presented the facts accurately. Aqueducts- helped bring water into cities and towns 5.) It started the language called the Romance languages which were the French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, and Romanian adopting Latin into their languages.

The US is declining just like the Roman Empire in some parts. There are a few similarities between the fall of the Roman Empire and the US. One reason that the Roman Empire fell was because of  economic troubles and overreliance on slave labor. The US has troubles with economics and kids living in poverty. The Roman Empire was invited by barbarians. The US doesn't have the the best happiness. Out of thirty-six countries, the US is ranked seventeenth. That is not very good and the Romains were very busy with little free time causing them stress.

Inflation- Drastic drop in the value of money coupled with a rise in prices Mercenary- Soldier who is paid to fight in a foreign army to defend against the increasing threats in the empire Diocletian- Strong willed army leader who became the new emperor Constantinople- New capital in Rome Attila- Germanic assault on the empire, became a direct threat 3.) Inflation, decline of agriculture economy, growing population, loss of patriotism, mercenaries, economy fall, reached limit of expansion, taxes were raise. The economy was the most important because it affected everything else. 4.) He ruled with an iron fist and fixed previous problems He also split the empire in half and ruled the Eastern part. He doubled the size of the Roman army as well. 5.) The Germanic tribes were fleeing the Huns, who had moved into their lands and began destroying everything. When they were running away from the Huns, the Germanic people moved through the Roman provinces of Gaul, Spain and No...

Jesus- A leader who came to be known as Christ & was believed to be savior Apostle-Close follower of Jesus Christ. Paul-Apostle who played a key role in the spread of Christianity throughout the empire. Diaspora-Moving away of the Jews from their homeland in Palestine Constantine-Roman emperor who ended the persecution of Christians Bishop-Head of all the churches in one area Peter-First apostle who helped spread Christianity through Syria & Palestine Pope-Head of all the Christian church 3.) Jesus emphasized personal relationships with God, importance of people's love to God, neighbors and enemies. Also, offered eternal life if you repent for your sins 4.)They refused to worship the Roman gods 5.)It defined the Church's basic beliefs

Etruscans- north central part.  (metalworkers, artists, architects) The Greeks had many colonies around the mediterranean sea. The Latins settled. Cloaca Maxima (largest ancient drain) which channeled water to the tiber. Lucius Tarquinias is is the final king of rome and he is proud of his accomplishments but he is a tyrant and got rude. The line says “no wonder they didn’t want any more kings” In the book it says that the new king seized power from his own dad (sextus). Then the lyrics say “Can this get any worse? Yes” This shows that Sextus tried to force himself upon Lucretia. She says no and Sextus threatens to kill her. The next line of the rap says “they turned around and ran that tyrant outta town / next thing you know, no kings no more…” This shows that the people rose up and kicked the whole family out of Rome, which is what the book says. Another line from the rap says “Hey, we got three governments rolled into one Patricians and plebeians havin’ some fun”. The book ...